Pribilof Islands Historic Preservation and Environmental Restoration

Topics

References

A-D

Alaska Department of Fish and Game (ADFG). 1997. Overview of Information about Subsistence Uses of Marine Mammals in Aleutian/Pribilof Islands Communities. Anchorage, AK: ADFG, Division of Subsistence.

Alaska Fisheries Science Center (AFSC). 1996. "The Steller sea lion: two discrete stocks?" In Alaska Fisheries Science Center Quarterly Report (January-February-March), 1–5. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service.

Aleutian Enterprises. 1997. Project Close-Out Report. NOAA Debris Cleanup, St. Paul Island, AK.

Aleutian Pribilof Island Community Development Association (APICDA). 2002. 2002 "Multi-Species CDQ Third Quarter Report" (Public Version).

–––. 2004. 2004 Multi-Species CDQ Third Quarter Report (Public Version).

–––. 2005a. 2004 Multi-Species CDQ Fourth Quarter Report (Public Version).

–––. 2005b. 2005 Multi-Species CDQ Second Quarter Report (Public Version).

Austin, O. L., Jr., and F. Wilke. 1950. Japanese Fur Sealing. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service.

Bailey, A. M., and R. W. Hendee. 1926. "Notes on the mammals of northwestern Alaska." Journal of Mammalogy 1: 9–28.

Bailey, T. A. 1967. "Theodore Roosevelt and the Alaska Boundary Settlement." In Alaska and its History, ed. M. B. Sherwood, 383–393. Seattle, WA: Univ. of Washington Press.

Baker, R. C., F. Wilke, and C. H. Baltzo. 1970. The Northern Fur Seal. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Circular 336. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

Bergsland, Knut. 1994. Aleut dictionary = Unangam tunudgusii : an unabridged lexicon of the Aleutian, Pribilof, and Commander Islands Aleut language. Fairbanks: Alaska Native Language Center, University of Alaska, Fairbanks.

Black, L. T. 2004. Russians in Alaska, 1732–1867. Fairbanks, AK: Univ. of Alaska Press.

Boldt, J., ed. 2005. "Ecosystem Considerations for 2006." In Stock Assessment and Fishery Evaluation Report for the Groundfish Resources of the Bering Sea/Aleutian Islands Regions, Appendix C. Anchorage, AK: North Pacific Fisheries Management Council.

Bower, Ward T. 1919. Alaska Fishery and Fur-Seal Industries in 1918. Bureau of Fisheries Doc. 872. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

–––. 1922. Alaska Fishery and Fur-Seal Industries in 1921. Bureau of Fisheries Doc. 933. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

–––. 1923. Alaska Fishery and Fur-Seal Industries in 1922. Bureau of Fisheries Doc. 951. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

–––. 1925a. Alaska Fishery and Fur-Seal Industries in 1923. Bureau of Fisheries Doc. 973. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

–––. 1925b. Alaska Fishery and Fur-Seal Industries in 1924. Bureau of Fisheries Doc. 992. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

–––. 1926. Alaska Fishery and Fur-Seal Industries in 1925. Bureau of Fisheries Doc. 1008. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

–––. 1927. Alaska Fishery and Fur-Seal Industries in 1926. Bureau of Fisheries Doc. 1023. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

–––. 1928. Alaska Fishery and Fur-Seal Industries in 1927. Bureau of Fisheries Doc. 1040. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

–––. 1929. Alaska Fishery and Fur-Seal Industries in 1928. Bureau of Fisheries Doc. 1064. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

–––. 1930. Alaska Fishery and Fur-Seal Industries in 1929. Bureau of Fisheries Doc. 1086. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

–––. 1931. Alaska Fishery and Fur-Seal Industries in 1930. Appendix 1 to Report of Commissioner of Fisheries. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

–––. 1932. Alaska Fishery and Fur-Seal Industries in 1931. Appendix 1 to Report of Commissioner of Fisheries. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

–––. 1933. Alaska Fishery and Fur-Seal Industries in 1932. Appendix 1 to Report of Commissioner of Fisheries. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

–––. 1934. Alaska Fishery and Fur-Seal Industries in 1933. Appendix 1 to Report of Commissioner of Fisheries. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

–––. 1935. Alaska Fishery and Fur-Seal Industries in 1934. Appendix 1 to Report of Commissioner of Fisheries. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

–––. 1936. Alaska Fishery and Fur-Seal Industries in 1935. Bureau of Fisheries Administrative Report No. 23. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

–––. 1940. Alaska Fishery and Fur-Seal Industries in 1938. Bureau of Fisheries Administrative Report No. 36. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

–––. 1941. Alaska Fishery and Fur-Seal Industries in 1939. Bureau of Fisheries Administrative Report No. 40. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

–––. 1942. Alaska Fishery and Fur-Seal Industries in 1940. Bureau of Fisheries Statistical Digest No. 2. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

Brooks, A. H. 1967. "History of Explorations and Surveys." In Alaska and its History, ed. M. B. Sherwood, 21–44. Seattle, WA: Univ. of Washington Press.

Buchanan, L. M. 1929. History of the Fur-Seal Industry of the Pribilof Islands. Master’s thesis, Univ. of Washington.

Buckel, S. 1990. Environmental Compliance Survey Report. Pribilof Islands, AK: National Marine Fisheries Service.

Busch, B. C. 1985. The War Against the Seals: A History of the North American Seal Fishery. Kingston, ON: McGill-Queen’s Univ. Press.

Calvin, N. I. 1979. "Some benthic marine algae from the Pribilof Islands, Bering Sea: a preliminary annotated list." In Reconnaissance of Intertidal Communities in the Eastern Bering Sea and the effects of Ice-scour on Community Structure (Appendix 3), eds. C. E. O’Clair et al. Northwest and Alaska Fisheries Center, Auke Bay Laboratory, Outer Continental Shelf Energy Assessment Program.

Central Bering Sea Fishermen’s Association (CBSFA). 2004. Community Development Plan (CDP) for 2003–2005 Multi-Species Community Development Quota (CDQ) Program. Third Quarter Report 2004.

–––. 2005a. Community Development Plan (CDP) for 2003–2005 Multi-Species Community Development Quota (CDQ) Program. Fourth Quarter Report 2004.

–––. 2005b. Community Development Plan (CDP) for 2003–2005 Multi-Species Community Development Quota (CDQ) Program. Third Quarter Report 2005.

Chase Construction, Inc. 1986. Debris Cleanup and Site Restoration, St. Paul and St. George Islands, AK. Prepared for the Department of Defense, Formerly Used Defense Sites Program, Anchorage, AK.

Cox, A., D. M. Hopkins, and G. B. Dalrymple. 1966. Geomagnetic polarity epochs: Pribilof Islands, Alaska. Geological Society of America 77:883–910.

Crossen, K. J., D. R. Yesner, D. W. Veltre, and R. W. Graham. 2005. "5,700-year-old mammoth remains from the Pribilof Islands, Alaska: last outpost of North American megafauna." Abstracts with Programs 37: 463, Geological Society of America, 2005 Salt Lake City Annual Meeting.

Dall, W. H. 1899. "The Mollusk Fauna of the Pribilof Islands." Vol. 2. In Jordan 1899, 539–546.

Dawson, G. 1895. "Geological Notes on Some of the Coasts and Islands of Bering Sea and Vicinity." Bulletin of the Geological Society of America 5: 130–132.

Deconde, A., and A. Rappaport, eds. 1969. Essays Diplomatic and Undiplomatic of Thomas A. Bailey. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts.

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E-H

Ecology & Environment, Inc. 1993. Preliminary Assessment of National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Sites, Pribilof Islands, Alaska. Contract No. DACA85-91-D-0003, Delivery Order No. 0027. Prepared by Ecology & Environment for Alaska District U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.

Elliott, Henry Wood. 1880. Report on the Seal Islands of Alaska. Elliott’s field-notes transmitted by him to F.A. Walker, Superintendent Tenth Census, March 31, 1880.

–––. 1976. The Seal-Islands of Alaska. Reprinted from 1881 edition (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office). Kingston, ON: The Limestone Press.

–––. 1886. Our Arctic Province. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons.

–––. 1873. Report of the Prybilov Group, or Seal Islands of Alaska. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office. [The copy relied upon for this document was a photocopy that lacked pagination. Preble (1923, 123), cited this report as follows: Report of the Prybilov Group, or Seal Islands of Alaska, by Henry W. Elliott, assistant agent, Treasury Department; 129 pp. (not numbered), 2 maps, 45 pls.; in appendix is an article entitled “Ornithology of the Prybilov Islands, by Dr. Elliott Coues, U.S.A. (based on Mr. H.W. Elliott’s manuscripts and collections).” Forty species are treated under specific headings and two or three others are referred to by Elliott in the introduction to the formal list. Original description of Tringa ptilocnemis given in a footnote. Bears date of 1873 on title page, and 1875 on cover, but was issued early in 1874. (This last sentence written by Preble and McAtee serves to highlight the complexity associated with researching the Pribilof Islands history. The authors relied upon a hard case version of the report that has imposed on the cover spine “1874” while the cover page is dated “1875,” yet contrary to Preble’s statement the document lacks illustrations.) ]

Elliott, Henry Wood, and Andrew F. Gallagher. 1913. Reports and Exhibits of the Special Agents of the House Committee on Expenditures in the Department of Commerce Upon the Condition of the Fur-Seal Herd of Alaska and the Conduct of the Public Business on the Pribilof Islands, to the Chairman J. H. Rothermel. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

Elliott. 1875. A Report Upon the Conditions of Affairs in the Territory of Alaska. Washington, DC: GPO. [See the previous citation Report of the Prybilov Group, or Seal Islands of Alaska, for additional insight; an unpaginated version was published in 1874 and without illustrations.]

Evermann, Barton W. 1913. Fishery and Fur Industries of Alaska in 1912. Bureau of Fisheries Doc. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

–––. 1914. Fishery and Fur Industries of Alaska in 1913. Bureau of Fisheries Doc. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

Essig, E. O., Adele Ogden and Clarence John DuFour, ed. Richard A. Pierce. 1991. Fort Ross, California Outpost of Russian Alaska 1812-1841. Alaska History No. 39. The Limestone Press, Kingston Ontario.

Faulkner, S. M. 1986. National Register of Historic Places Inventory – Nomination Form: The Seal Islands (Fur Seal Rookeries NHL). Anchorage, AK: National Park Service, Alaska Region. Document on file at Alaska Office of History and Archaeology, Anchorage.

Flint, M. V., S. G. Poyarkov, P. V. Rybnikov, and I. N. Sukhanova. 1999. Investigations of the Pribilof Marine Ecosystem: Ecosystems of the Saint Paul Island Salt Lagoon and Harbor (Village Cove). Moscow: P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences.

Guthrie, R. D. 2004. "Radiocarbon evidence of mid-Holocene mammoths stranded on an Alaskan Bering Sea island." Nature 429: 746–749.

Haley, D., ed. 1986. Marine Mammals of Eastern North Pacific and Arctic Waters. Rev. 2nd ed. Seattle, WA: Pacific Search Press.

Haley, G. Circa 1920 (unpublished manuscript). In the Path of Chamisso. Field Notes on the Common Plants of Sitka, the Pribilof Islands, Akutan, Unalaska, Nunivak, Nome, St. Lawrence Is., St. Mathew, and littorals of the Bering Sea, Alaska. Special Collections, California Academy of Sciences.

–––. Circa 1925 (unpublished manuscript). Field Notes on the Common Plants of the Pribilof Islands [including Analytical Key]. Special Collections, California Academy of Sciences.

Hanna, G. D. 1923. Rare Mammals of the Pribilof Islands, Alaska. Journal of Mammalogy 4: 209–215 and plate 23.

–––. 2008. The Alaska Fur-Seal Islands. Government Printing Office, Seattle, WA

Harding Lawson Associates. 1993. Final Report, Phase 1 Environmental Assessment, Pribilof Islands, Alaska. Prepared for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District.

Harman, C. H. 1984. Field and Project Report. Waste disposal, St. Paul Island. State of Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation, conducted October 1 through 8, 1983.

Hart Crowser, Inc. 1997. Expanded Site Inspection of St. Paul Island, Pribilof Islands, AK. Seattle, WA.

Hiatt, T., ed. 2005. Stock Assessment and Fishery Evaluation Report for the Groundfish Fisheries of the Gulf of Alaska and Bering Sea/Aleutian Islands Area: Economic Status of the Groundfish Fisheries off Alaska, 2004. Seattle, WA: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries Science Center.

Holmes, K. 1994. Faces of the Fisheries: Pribilof Islands. Anchorage, AK: North Pacific Fishery Management Council.

Hoover, A. A. 1988. Harbor Seal, Phoca vitulina. In Selected Marine Mammals of Alaska: Species Accounts with Research and Management Recommendations, ed. J. W. Lentfer, 125–157. Washington, DC: Marine Mammal Commission.

Hopkins, D. M., and T. Einarsson. 1966. "Pleistocene glaciation on St. George, Pribilof Islands." Science (New Series) 152:343–345.

U.S. Congress. House. 1999. Background memorandum from Subcommittee Majority Staff to Members, Committee on Resources, Subcommittee on Fisheries Conservation, Wildlife and Oceans, re: H.R. __, Pribilof Islands Transition Act.

Howay, F. W. 1914. British Columbia from the Earliest Times to the Present, vol. 2. Vancouver, BC: S. J. Clark Publishing Company.

Hunt, G. L., Jr., and G. V. Byrd, Jr. 1999. "Marine bird populations and carrying capacity of the eastern Bering Sea." In Loughlin and Ohtani 1999, 631–650.

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J-N

Jones, K. J. 1980. A Century of Servitude: Pribilof Aleuts Under U.S. Washington, DC: Univ. Press of America.

Jordan, D. S., ed. 1899. The Fur Seals and Fur-Seal Islands of the North Pacific Ocean. 3 vols. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

–––. 1898. "Reports on Condition of Seal Life on the Pribilof Islands by Special Treasury Agents in Charge, and Others, from 1868 to 1895, both Inclusive, with Comments Thereon, in the Light of Subsequent Scientific Investigation." In Seal and Salmon Fisheries and General Resources of Alaska. Vol. 1. Washington, D.C: Government Printing Office.

Jupp, U. 1967. Home Port: Victoria. Victoria, BC: Morriss Printing Company.

Kitaysky, A. S., E. V. Kitaiskaia, J. F. Piatt, and J. C. Wingfield. 2005. "A mechanistic link between chick diet and decline in seabirds?" In Proceedings of the Royal Society B, doi:10.1098/rspb.2005.3351.

Konrad, P. M. 1996. "WildBird’s top 50 birding hotspots—the best birding locations await you throughout North America." WildBird Sept. 1996 (reprint). Jamestown, ND: U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center Online. http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/birds/wildbird/index.htm.

Laughlin, William S. 1980. Aleuts: Survivors of the Bering Land Bridge. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.

Loughlin, T. R., and K. Ohtani, eds. 1999. Dynamics of the Bering Sea. Fairbanks, AK: Univ. of Alaska Sea Grant.

Loughlin, T. R., and L. L. Jones. 1984. "Review of existing data base and of research and management programs for marine mammals in the Bering Sea." In Proceedings of the Workshop on Biological Interactions Among Marine Mammals and Commercial Fisheries in the Southeastern Bering Sea, 79–99. Fairbanks, AK: Univ. of Alaska Sea Grant.

Loughlin, T. R., I. N. Sukhanova, E. H. Sinclair, and R. C. Ferrero. 1999. "Summary of biology and ecosystem dynamics in the Bering Sea." In Loughlin and Ohtani 1999, 387–407.

Macoun, J. M. 1899. "A List of the Plants of the Pribilof Islands, Bering Sea. With Notes on their Distribution." Vol. 3. In Jordan 1899, 559–587 and plates LXXXVII-XCIV.

Marlow, M. S., D. W. Scholl, A. K. Cooper, and E. C. Buffington. 1976. "Structure and evolution of Bering Sea shelf south of St. Lawrence Island." The American Association of Petroleum Geologists 60:161–183.

Marlow, S. M., A. K. Cooper, and M. A. Fisher. 1994. "Geology of the eastern Bering Sea continental shelf." In The Geology of Alaska. Vol. G-1 of The Geology of North America. Eds. G. Plafker and H. C. Berg. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America.

Mobley, C. M. 1993. The St. George Seal Skin Plant, St. George Island, Alaska. A report prepared by Charles M. Mobley & Associates, Anchorage, AK, under contract to Alpha Engineering Group, Inc., Bothell, WA, for NOAA.

Murray, P. 1988. The Vagabond Fleet. Victoria, BC: Morriss Printing Company.

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). 1984. Transfer of Property on the Pribilof Islands: Descriptions, Terms and Conditions.

–––. 1996. Pribilof Islands Environmental Restoration Two-Party Agreement. Attorney General’s Office File No. 66 1-95-0126.

–––. 2004a. Final Site Characterization Report, Oil Drum Dump Site (Two-Party Agreement Site No. 1 and Formerly Used Defense Site B-1). Pribilof Islands Environmental Restoration Project, St. Paul Island, AK.

–––. 2004b. Final Site Characterization Report, Telegraph Hill Scoria Pit Site, Two-Party Agreement Site No. 15-1. Pribilof Islands Environmental Restoration Project, St. Paul Island, AK.

–––. 2005a. The History of Parcel 6f, the ATCO Building, and the Windmill Wells on St. Paul Island, Alaska as it Relates to Soil and Groundwater Cleanup Needs and Responsibilities.

–––. 2005b. Final Long-term Groundwater Monitoring Plan, St. Paul Island, Alaska. Pribilof Islands Environmental Restoration Project, St. Paul Island, AK.

–––. 2005c. Final Long-term Groundwater Monitoring Plan, St. George Island, Alaska. Pribilof Islands Environmental Restoration Project, St. George Island, AK.

Nortech Environmental and Engineering Consultants (Nortech). 2001. Debris Retrieval Report, Island-wide Miscellaneous Debris Retrieval (Non Two-Party Agreement Site). Pribilof Islands Site Restoration, St. Paul Island, AK.

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O-T

O’Clair, C. E., J. L. Hanson, R. T. Myren, J. A. Gharrett, T. R. Merrell, Jr., and J. S. MacKinnon. 1979. Reconnaissance of Intertidal Communities in the Eastern Bering Sea and the effects of Ice-scour on Community Structure. Northwest and Alaska Fisheries Center Auke Bay Laboratory, Outer Continental Shelf Energy Assessment Program.

Okun, S. B.1951. The Russian-American Company. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press.

Olson, C. L. 1951. "Memorandum on reindeer restocking on St. Paul Island." National Archives, Pacific Alaska Region, Record Group No. 22, Box No. 11.

Osgood, W. H., E. A. Preble, and G. H. Parker. 1915. "The Fur Seals and Other Life of the Pribilof Islands, Alaska, in 1914." In: Bulletin [U.S.] Bureau of Fisheries, vol. 34, 172 pp. and maps. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office. [Also, Senate Doc. 980, 63rd Cong. 3rd Session.]

Overland, J. E., and P. J. Stabeno. 2004. "Is the climate of the Bering Sea warming and affecting the ecosystem?" Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union 85: 309–316.

Palmer, W. 1899. "The Avifauna of the Pribilof Islands." Vol. 3. In Jordan 1899, 355–431 and plates XXXVIII-XLI.

Pavlov, V. K., and P. V. Pavlov. 1996. "Oceanographic description of the Bering Sea." In Ecology of the Bering Sea, a Review of Russian Literature, eds. O. A. Mathisen and K. O. Coyle, 1–95. Alaska Sea Grant College Program Report No. 96-01, Univ. of Alaska Fairbanks.

Pierce, R. A., ed. 1984. Alaska History, No. 27: Notes on the Islands of the Unalashka District by Ivan Veniaminov. Trans. L. T. Black and R. H. Geoghegan. Fairbanks, AK: Univ. of Alaska.

–––, ed. 1994. Notes on Russian America, Parts II-V: Kad’iak, Unalashka, Atkha, the Pribylovs, by Kiril Timofeevich Khlebnikov. Comp. R. G. Liapunova and S. G. Fedorova, and trans. M. Ramsay. Kingston, ON: The Limestone Press.

–––. 1990. Russian America: A Biographical Dictionary. Kingston, ON: The Limestone Press.

Pierce, R. A., and A. S. Donnelly, eds. 1979. A History of the Russian-America Company. Vol. 2. Documents of Tikhmenev translated by D. Krenov. Kingston, ON: The Limestone Press.

Polarconsult Alaska, Inc. 1997. Environmental Site Investigation, St. George Debris Removal Report, Vol. 3. Pribilof Islands Environmental Restoration Project.

Preble, E. A., and W. L. McAtee. 1923. A Biological Survey of the Pribilof Islands, Alaska, North American Fauna, No. 46. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Biological Survey, Government Printing Office.

Pritchard, E. S. 2005. Fisheries of the United States 2004. Silver Spring, MD: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Office of Science and Technology.

Rathbun, M. J. 1899. "List of Crustacea Known to Occur on and near the Pribilof Islands." Vol. 3. In Jordan 1899, 555–557.

Ray, C. E. 1971. Polar bear and mammoth on the Pribilof Islands. Journal of the Arctic Institute of North America 24:9–18.

Renner, H. M., and R. J. Howard. 2003. Population Trends of Ledge-Nesting Seabirds in the Pribilof Islands, Alaska, 1976-2002. Homer, AK: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge.

Riley, F. 1967. Fur-Seal Industry of the Pribilof Islands, 1786–1965. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Circular 275. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service.

Ritter, W. E. 1899. "A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Tunicata of the Pribilof Islands." Vol. 3. In Jordan 1899, 511–537 and plate LXXXVI.

Scheffer, V. B., C. H. Fiscus, and E. I. Todd. 1984. History of Scientific Study and Management of the Alaskan Fur Seal, Callorhinus ursinus, 1786–1964. NOAA Technical Report NMFS SSRF-780.

Scheffer, Victor B. 1951. "The Rise and Fall of a Reindeer Herd." The Scientific Monthly (December):356–362.

Schroeder, R. F., D. B. Andersen, R. Bosworth, J. M. Morris, and J. M. Wright. 1987. Subsistence in Alaska: Arctic, Interior, Southcentral, Southwest, and Western Regional Summaries. Technical Paper No. 150. Juneau, AK: Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Subsistence.

Setchell, W. A. 1899. "Algae of the Pribilof Islands." Vol. 3. In Jordan 1899, 589–596 and plate XCV.

Shiels, Archie, W. 1949. Little Journeys into Russian America and the Purchase of Alaska. Private Edition: Limited Edition. Bellingham, WA.

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Solovjova, K. G., and A. A. Vovnyanko. 2002. The Fur Rush. Anchorage, AK: Phenix Press.

Sowls, A., and G. V. Byrd. 2004. Preventing Rat Introductions to the Pribilof Islands, Alaska, USA. Poster presented at the 2nd National Invasive Rodent Summit, National Wildlife Research Center, Fort Collins, CO.

Sowls, A., G. V. Byrd, P. Dunlevy, and S. Ebbert. 2004. Preventing Rat Spills on U.S. Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge: A Preliminary Approach. Poster presented at the 2nd National Invasive Rodent Summit, National Wildlife Research Center, Fort Collins, CO.

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Stabeno, P. J., J. D. Schumacher, and K. Ohtani. 1999. "The physical oceanography of the Bering Sea." In Loughlin and Ohtani 1999, 1–28.

Stabeno, P. J., J. D. Schumacher, S. A. Salo, G. L. Hunt Jr., and M. Flint. 1999. Physical environment around the Pribilof Islands. In Loughlin and Ohtani 1999, 193–215.

Stanley-Brown, J. 1892. Geological Society of America Bulletin 3:496.

Tebenkov, M. D., comp. 1981. Atlas of the Northwest Coasts of America. Trans. and ed. Richard A. Pierce. Kingston, ON: The Limestone Press.

Testa, J. W., ed. 2005. Fur-Seal Investigations, 2002–2003. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-AFSC-151. U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service.

Thompson, S. H. 1954. Alaska Fishery and Fur-Seal Industries in 1951. Bureau of Fisheries Statistical Digest No. 31. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

Thomson, G. 2005. Results of Seabird Monitoring at St. George Island, Alaska in 2005: Summary Appendices. Homer, AK: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge.

Tikhmenev, P. A. 1978. A History of the Russian-America Company. Trans. and eds. R. A. Pierce and A. S. Donnelly. Seattle, WA: Univ. of Washington Press. Originally published as Istoricheskoe obozrenie obrazovaniia Rossiisko-Amerikanskoi kompanii i deistvii eia do nastoiashchago vremeni. 2 vols. (1861–1863, St. Petersburg).

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Towell, R. G., R. R. Ream, and A. E. York. 2006. "Decline in northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus) pup production on the Pribilof Islands." Marine Mammal Science 22:486-491.

Townsend, C. H. 1899. "Pelagic Sealing: With Notes on the Fur Seals of Guadalupe, the Galapagos, and Lobos Islands." Vol. 3. In Jordan 1899, 223–274.

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U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). 2004. "Small Boat Harbor Update." Presented at UAA Science-to-Engineering Workshop.

–––. 2002. Environmental Assessment and Finding of No Significant Impact, Small Boat Harbor Emergency Breakwater Repair and Disposal of Dredged Material, St. Paul Island, Alaska. USACE Alaska District.

U.S. Congress. Senate. 54th Cong., 1st sess., 1896. Doc 137, pt. 1. Reports of Agents, Officers, and Persons Acting Under the Authority of the Secretary of the Treasury, in Relation to the Condition of Seal Life on the Rookeries of the Pribilof Islands, and to Pelagic Sealing in Bering Sea and the North Pacific Ocean in the Years 1893-1895. Washington DC: Government Printing Office.

U.S. Department of Agriculture. Undated, circa 2001. Resource Management Plan for St. Paul Island. Homer, AK: Natural Resource Conservation Service.

U.S. Department of Commerce and Labor. 1911. Seal Islands of Alaska. Letter from the Secretary of Commerce and Labor, transmitting, in response to house resolution no. 73, information relating to the seal islands of Alaska. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.

U.S. Department of the Interior. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1950. Alaska Fishery and Fur-Seal Industries 1947. Statistical Digest No. 20.

–––. 1952. Alaska Fishery and Fur-Seal Industries 1948. Statistical Digest No. 23.

–––. 2005. Beringian Seabird Colony Catalog (computer GIS database). Anchorage, AK: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Migratory Bird Management. http://alaska.fws.gov/internettv/mbsptv/mbmtv/seabirdstv/projects.htm

Veltre, D. W., and M. J. Veltre. 1981. A Preliminary Baseline Study of Subsistence Resource Utilization in the Pribilof Islands. Prepared for Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Subsistence, Technical Paper No. 57. http://www.subsistence.adfg.state.ak.us/TechPap/tp057.pdf.

Veniaminov, Ivan. 1984. Zapiski ob ostrovakh Unalashkinskago otdela [Notes on the Islands of the Unalaska District]. Trans. Lydia T. Black and R. H. Geoghegan, and ed. Richard A. Pierce. Univ. of Alaska Fairbanks, Elmer E. Rasmuson Library Translation Program. Kingston, ON: Limestone.

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Winer, G. S. 2001. St. Paul Island, Pribilof Islands, Alaska: Geology, Volcanic Evolution, and Volcanic Hazards. Master’s thesis, Montana State Univ.

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World Wildlife Fund and The Nature Conservancy of Alaska. 1999. Ecosystem-based Conservation in the Bering Sea. Identifying Important Areas for Biodiversity Conservation. Washington, DC.

Wyllie-Echeverria, T., and K. Ohtani. 1999. "Seasonal sea ice variability and the Bering Sea ecosystem." In Loughlin and Ohtani 1999, 435–451.

York, A. E., R. G. Towell, R. R. Ream, and C. W. Fowler. 2005. "Population assessment of northern fur seals on the Pribilof Islands, Alaska, 2002–2003." In Fur-Seal Investigations, 2002–2003, ed. J. W. Testa, 8–27 and 65. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-AFSC-151. U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service.

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